HPV virus as a cause of cancer of the cervix in R.Macedonia
Abstract
HPV virus as a cause of cancer of the cervix in R.Macedonia
Joveva, Stefanija ; Taleski, Vaso; Markovski, Velo
Faculty of Medical Sciences, UGD - Stip
Introduction: Approximately 130 types of HPV infections have been identified. Among them high-risk types of HPV are HPV 16, 18, 31, 45. HPV virus is 99,7 percent isolated of all cervical cancers.
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to present incidence of HPV (human papillomavirus) in connection with cervical cancer during 2012, in R. Macedonia.
Material and methods: Data were collected from "Official Gazette of Republic of Macedonia", number 9, the 20th of January, 2012, Friday and HPV Information Centre Institut Català d'Oncologia,. Avda. Gran Via de l'Hospitalet, 199-203 08908
L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona, Spain), November 2013.
Results and discussion: Cervical cancer is one of the most common chronic disease which affects the female reproductive organs. It is the twelfth most common cancer in frequency and the fifth leading cause of cancer death in females worldwide. The number of the cervical cancer cases in the world is 527,624 while the mortality rate is 50,3 percent or 265,563. Serbia has the highest cancer incidence and mortality rate in Europe. The high-risk HPV types may also cause an oropharyngeal cancer which is more common in males. Number of oropharyngeal cancers, linked to HPV in males (estimated incidence 26/100.000 and mortality 14/100.000) is higher than in females (estimated incidence 4/100.000, and mortality 3/100.000).
Cervical cancer ranks as the 6th most fre-quent cancer among women in R. Macedonia, of all cancers cases with incidence rate of 16,6. The first place belongs to a breast cancer 111,7%/100.000, followed by corpus uteri cancer 43,1% /100.000; colorectal cancer 35,5% /100.000, lung cancer 21,7% and abdominal cancer 18,2% /100.000. Cervical cancer in Republic of Macedonia compared with other South European countries ranks the 4th place in incidence with 12.4 cases per 100,000 and the 3rd place in mortality with 5.1 deaths per 100,000.
In the Republic of Macedonia the estimated numbers of new cases of cervical cancer in 2012, were 171 and 81(47,3 %) die as a result of this disease.
Conclusion: The number of cases of cervical cancer in 2012 worldwide was 527,624 and the number of deaths from cervical cancer was 265,563 (50,3%).
In comparison with South European countries, Republic of Macedonia ranks at 4th place with elevated rates of incidence 12,4 % and at 3rd place with elevated rates of mortality 5,1%. Cervical cancer is one of the most frequent types of cancers among women in Macedonia. The highest incidence rate in females is between 45 and 54 years of age and mortality rate in females is over 70 years of age.
Keywords: cancer, cervical, incidence, mortality, oropharyngeal
