Transforming Human Resource Management in Healthcare: The Role of Artificial Intelligence and Industry 5.0
Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence (AI), Human Resource Management (HRM), Healthcare, Industry 5.0, Human-Centric Approach, Predictive Analytics, Western Balkans, Workforce Agility
Abstract
The healthcare sector is undergoing a transformative shift driven by the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the principles of Industry 5.0. This paper explores how AI is revolutionizing Human Resource Management (HRM) in healthcare, enhancing operational efficiency, optimizing recruitment and talent acquisition, and fostering employee engagement. Industry 5.0 introduces a human-centric approach that emphasizes collaboration between humans and advanced technologies, prioritizing employee well being and creating a more resilient workforce. This study also highlights the experiences of the Western Balkans, where regional adoption of AI in healthcare HRM has demonstrated significant improvements, including reduced recruitment times, enhanced workforce efficiency, and alignment with European Union digital health standards. Through a comprehensive review of current literature, case studies, and statistical data, this paper examines the benefits, challenges, and future implications of AI-driven HRM systems, with a particular focus on predictive analytics, personalized employee development, and proactive workforce planning. It further addresses critical challenges such as data privacy, ethical considerations, and the need for robust governance frameworks to ensure transparency and fairness in AI-driven decision-making. The findings reveal that successful integration of AI and Industry 5.0 principles in healthcare HRM not only enhances organizational agility but also improves public health outcomes, positioning healthcare providers to navigate the complexities of an evolving global healthcare landscape.
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References
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Wilson, S., & Taylor, P. (2024). AI and Employee Satisfaction: Tailoring Benefits in the
Digital Era. Journal of Employee Relations, 46(3), 541-557.
Al-Baher, S. (2024). The Impact of Digital Transformation on Employee Training and Qualification. Journal of Technology in Human Services, 42(1), 45-59. https://doi.org/10.1080/15228835.2024.1456243
Ali, M., Issayev, M., Shehab, E., & Sarraz, A. (2022). Predictive Maintenance in the Digital Age: IoT and Smart Sensors. International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, 9(2), 98-113. ttps://doi.org/10.1108/IJIEOM-05-2022-0123
Barrett, J. (2021). Emotional Intelligence and AI in Human Resources Management. Journal of Business Psychology, 36(5), 675-689. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-021-09704-5
Bloom, N., & Van Reenen, J. (2010). Why Do Management Practices Differ across Firms and Countries?. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 24(1), 203-224. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.24.1.203
Brown, T. (2022). Predictive Analytics in Human Resources: A Guide to Strategic Planning. Journal of Business Strategy, 43(2), 134-148.
Davis, A., & Frank, E. (2023). Digital Transformation in Healthcare: The Role of AI in HR Management. Healthcare Management Review, 48(1), 25-40.
Gerards, R., de Grip, A., & Baudewijns, C. (2021). The Influence of Intrapreneurial Behavior on Employee Performance. Management Review Quarterly, 71(2), 233-250. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11301-020-00189-2
Hamilton, R., Thompson, K., & Gupta, S. (2020). The Role of Natural Language Processing in HRM: Streamlining Recruitment Processes. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 10(3), 45-60. https://doi.org/10.5296/ijhrs.v10i3.17532
Håkansson, A., Höglund, M., & Sooryamoorthy, R. (2019). Patient-Centric Approaches in Healthcare: A Critical Analysis. Health Care Management Review, 44(3), 206-215. https://doi.org/10.1097/HMR.0000000000000198
Huang, S., Liu, A., & Zhao, Q. (2020). The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Personalized Medicine and Genomic Research. Journal of Medical Genetics, 57(8), 520-527. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmg/tyz123
Jain, R. (2017). The Role of AI in Fostering a Healthier Workplace Environment: Creativity and Empathy in HRM. Journal of Business and Human Resources, 35(2), 201-215. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBHRM-2017-0305
Jiang, F., Jiang, Y., Zhi, H., Dong, Y., Li, H., Ma, S., & Wang, Y. (2017). Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: Past, Present, and Future. Stroke and Vascular Neurology, 2(4), 230-243. https://doi.org/10.1136/svn-2017-000101
Johnson, L., Liu, X., & Patel, S. (2021). Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Work: Implications for HR. Journal of Workforce Management, 79(3), 213-230.
Kulkarni, S., & Che, L. (2019). Integrating AI in HRM: A Revolutionary Approach to Managing Talent. Journal of Technology in Human Services, 37(4), 312-329.
https://doi.org/10.1080/15228835.2019.1657758
Kumar, A., & Singh, P. (2023). Personalized HR Strategies Driven by AI. Journal of Human Resource Technology, 12(1), 45-62.
Kumar, S., & Gupta, A. (2021). Predictive Analytics in Workforce Management: The Healthcare Industry's Response to AI-Driven Changes. Journal of Healthcare Operations, 28(4), 112-128. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHOP-06-2021-0094
Kumar, V., Anbanandam, R., & Bhanot, N. (2022). Leveraging Artificial Intelligence for Strategic HRM and Economic Growth. Journal of Business Research, 125, 662-675. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.03.030
Lee, A., & Chen, B. (2022). Predictive Analytics in Hospital Resource Management: A
Systematic Review. Healthcare Management Review, 47(1), 15-29. https://doi.org/10.1097/HMR.0000000000000295
Lee, C., & Carter, S. (2022). Machine Learning and HR Analytics: Insights and Strategies. Technology in Human Resources, 10(4), 200-220.
Li, Y., Zhao, X., & Ma, S. (2023). Exploring New Ways of Working: A Case Study in the
Tech Industry. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 44(4), 512-530.
https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2519
Majumdar, A., Garg, C., & Jain, R. (2021). The Role of Universal Robots in the Fourth and
Fifth Industrial Revolutions. International Journal of Industrial Engineering and
Management, 8(3), 219-233. https://doi.org/10.24867/IJIM.2021.031
Martinez, D. (2023). AI and Information Security in HR Practices. Journal of Information
Security, 25(2), 112-128.
O'Neill, R., & Gupta, P. (2021). Compliance and AI: Enhancing Policy Enforcement in
Organizations. Corporate Governance Quarterly, 17(1), 88-104.
Reddy, S., Fox, J., & Purohit, M. P. (2019). Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Healthcare
Delivery. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 112(1), 22-28.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0141076819876749
Robinson, J., & Lee, M. (2024). Employee Engagement in the Digital Age: The Impact of AI
in Healthcare. Journal of Healthcare Leadership, 16(2), 158-174.
Rouhani, S., Mehran, M., & Madadi, S. (2024). Artificial Intelligence in Human Resource
Management: Enhancements and Transformations. International Journal of
Information Management, 64, 102-113.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2023.102113
Secinaro, S., Calandra, D., Secinaro, A., Muthurangu, V., & Biancone, P. (2021). The Role
of AI in Clinical Decision-Making and Disease Diagnosis. Journal of Medical
Systems, 45(6), 87. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-021-01704-9
Sherburne, B. (2020). Maintaining Smart Systems: The Importance of Predictive
Maintenance in Industry 5.0. Industrial Maintenance and Reliability Journal, 18(4),
70-83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imrj.2020.04.007
Smith, J., & Kumar, P. (2021). AI in Remote Patient Monitoring: Innovations and
Implications. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, 27(5), 300-307.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X20935573
Smith, J., & Robertson, M. (2022). AI-Driven Decision-Making in Human Resources.
Journal of Digital Business, 5(1), 67-85.
Soori, A. K., Prasad, S., & Suresh, M. (2023). AI and Robotics: Transforming Medical Care
Delivery. Robotics in Healthcare, 39(2), 143-158.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.robot.2023.01.004
Wilson, T. (2017). AI in Healthcare: Diagnostics, Data, and Predictive Analytics. Journal of
Medical Informatics, 84(1), 102-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmi.2017.01.005
Black Book of Global Healthcare IT. (2025). Interoperability trends in healthcare systems.
Deloitte Insights. (2023). Industry 5.0 in healthcare: Human-centric innovation. Retrieved
from https://www.deloitte.com
HIPAA Journal. (2023). Data privacy challenges in AI adoption for healthcare HRM.
Retrieved from https://www.hipaajournal.com
MedTech Spectrum. (2025). AI adoption and digital transformation in Western Balkans
healthcare. Retrieved from https://www.medtechspectrum.com
Regional Cooperation Council. (2025). Balkaton: Digital innovation for the Western Balkans.
Retrieved from https://www.rcc.int
SAP Insights. (2023). The human-centric future of Industry 5.0. Retrieved from
https://www.sap.com
Western Balkans Info Hub. (2025). Digital initiatives driving healthcare transformation.
Retrieved from https://www.westernbalkans-infohub.eu
Taylor, K. (2022). Predictive Analytics and Workforce Planning. Human Resource
Management Journal, 33(1), 75-92.
Wilson, S., & Taylor, P. (2024). AI and Employee Satisfaction: Tailoring Benefits in the
Digital Era. Journal of Employee Relations, 46(3), 541-557.
Published
2025-06-27
Section
Management and Business
