CHILD LABOUR – PREVENTION, IDENTIFICATION AND INTERVENTION
Keywords:
child abuse, international regulation, harmonization of lawAbstract
Child labour is not a new phenomenon. From the cotton mills and textile factories of England to the adoption of the first international regulations by the United Nations and the International Labour Organization, the global need to recognize and eliminate the worst forms of child labour has remained constant. A proper regulation in theory and statistical data that contradicts the effectiveness of implemented measures in practice highlight a clear need for constant efforts to harmonize law and to promote cooperation among the various institutions. Child labour is not far from our everyday lives – on a daily basis, we encounter children who beg, sell tissues..., and fighting this issue requires the active involvement of every individual.
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