Atmospheric Deposition of Cadmium in Croatia Studied by using moss Biomonitoring Technique and ICP-AES

Ivana Vučković; Zdravko Špirić; Trajče Stafilov; Vladimir Kušan

Ivana Vučković
Zdravko Špirić
Trajče Stafilov
Vladimir Kušan

Abstract

Croatia participated for the first time in moss survey in 2005, in the framework of the InternationalCooperative Programme on Effects of Air Pollution on Natural Vegetation and Crops with heavy metals inEurope (UNECE ICP Vegetation) when different species of moss samples (Hypnum cupressiforme, Pleuroziumschreberi, Brachythecium rutabulum and Homalothecium sericeum) were collected from 96 locations evenly distributedover the country. An additional 27 new sampling sites were added for the investigation in 2010. Moss sampleswere collected during the summer and autumn of 2010. Collected moss samples were air dried, cleaned and totallydigested by using microwave digestion system. Digests were analyszd for cadmium by atomic emission spectrometrywith inductively coupled plasma (ICP-AES). The results for cadmium were compared with the results obtained inprevious investigations in Croatia and some other neighboring countries and Norway as a pristine area. The contentof cadmium ranges from 0.10 mg kg–1 to 1.42 mg kg–1. It was found that the median value of cadmium (0.38 mg kg–1) is 1.41 times higher than the value obtained in the study performed in 2005. Compared to the other countries, Croatiashows insignificantly higher median value. Highest contents of cadmium were found in the Podravina region (1.14mg kg–1 and 1.42 mg kg–1) where cadmium inputs as a result of anthropogenic origin from Slovenia and Austria (Pband Zn mines and smelter plants). High levels of cadmium were also found in moss samples collected at some industrializedareas in northern parts of Croatia as a result of anthropogenic influence as well as in samples collected in theCoastal region where high levels are a result of geological origin.

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