THE INJURED PARTY AS AN INITIATOR OF CRIMINAL PROSECUTION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46763/Schlagwörter:
injured party; criminal prosecution; private charge; motion of the injured party; actio popuAbstract
A criminal offence primarily infringes upon social interests. Therefore,
official criminal prosecution conducted by the public prosecutor
represents the dominant form of response to criminal offences.
However, criminal legislation also provides for certain offences that
primarily violate the personal interests of the injured party. The
prosecution of persons accused of committing such offences is left to
the initiative of the injured party. In this way, a certain degree of
demonopolization of the state in the sphere of criminal prosecution is
achieved. For the prosecution of persons suspected of committing
certain criminal offences, the injured party may initiate criminal
proceedings by filing a private charge. In such a case, any form of
influence of the public prosecutor over the prosecution is excluded. On
the other hand, prosecution upon the motion of the injured party reflects
the injured party’s initiating role. Nevertheless, although the injured
party directly conditions the initiation of prosecution, the prosecution
itself retains its official character. Furthermore, remnants of the actio
popularis enable the participation of citizens in initiating criminal
prosecution.
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