ECOLOGY OF CRIME AND ECOLOGICAL EXPLANATIONS IN CRIMINOLOGY

Аннотация

The delinquent area, as the basic concept of ecological theory in criminology,
is a natural area that exists in the city, such as ghettos, which ariseс in the process
of urbanization and development and is significant for its characteristic patterns of
antisocial behavior. The concept of a delinquent area comes directly from the concept
of a natural area in environmental theory, and the epithet “delinquent” refers to the
dominant pattern of behavior expressed by a large number of residents in that area.
The theory of crime prevention, through the appearance of the environment, is based
on the simple idea that the crime partly originates from the circumstances that are
in the physical environment. Some of the research in the field of victimology was
devoted to examining the impact that a ‘satisfactory’ neighborhood would have
on victimization and social participation of the population, and ultimately on the
experience of security in the neighborhood. It is emphasized that such an approach
presupposes systematic testing of the relative importance of victimization, the
importance of the quality of the neighborhood environment and social integration
within society in preventing the fear of crime. The observation of child abuse in the
delinquent area, related to the unity of the environment-sociology-culture model, is
focused on the experience of stress in society, which is considered to be the primary
cause of victimization. This category of abuse includes the following causes: stress
environment model; social learning model; socio-psychological model and the model of psychosocial systems.