PHONETIC AND PHONOLOGICAL DEVIATIONS IN THE USE OF MACEDONIAN LANGUAGE BY POLISH AND UKRAINIAN STUDENTS

Abstract

Phonetic deviations do not cause impediment in communication. Impediment, unintelligibility and uncertainty can be caused by phonological interferences, primarily, by under-differentiation of phonemes. The solution for phonetic deviations is articulation. The phonological deviations are not resolved by articulation movement. Ukrainians and Poles who study Macedonian are in a better position than Macedonians who study Ukrainian and Polish at least in terms of phonetics and phonology because Macedonian has significantly smaller number of voices (and phonemes), mostly as a result of the hardening of the soft consonants and neutralization of the softness opposition in the consonant system.