Races of Xanthomonas Vesicatoria Isolated from Pepper in Macedonia
Abstract
From 1994 till 1997, few hundreds of strains were isolated from different samples of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) collected from commercial fields and home gardens throughout Rep. of Macedonia. Bacteria were isolated on semi selective medium from infected plants and identified by a combination of morphological, pathological, biochemical, nutritional and physiological tests. In this study 50 domestic and 3 control strains (races: E-3; 93-1; 71-21 from Florida, USA) were used. All these properties of Macedonian strains were completely same with characteristics of compared control strains, without any significant differences. Additional characterization of strains showed that all were negative for amylolytic activity and ability to utilize dextrin. Those strains belong to type A of X. vesicatoria and none of them belong to type B. Strains of X. vesicatoria were identified to race based on the response to infection of a set of near-isogeneic pepper lines derived from and including Early Californian Wonder (ECW): ECW-10R, ECW-20R and ECW-30R containing the resistance genes bs1, Bs1, Bs2 and Bs3, respectively. The majority of the strains were identified as race P0 - 40%, race P2 - 40%, and the remaining 20% could not be identified to race using these differential pepper lines. All of investigated strains were sensitive to copper sulfate (200Xg/ml) and streptomycin sulfate (100Xg/ml).References
Arsenijevic, M. (1980): Bakterioze paprike. Glasnik zaštite bilja, 1980-2: 42-47.
Arsenijevic, M. (1988): Bakterioze biljaka. Naucna knjiga, Beograd.
Balaz Jelica (1994): Pegavost lišca paprike prouzrokovana bakteriom Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria. Savremena poljoprivreda. Vol. 42. Vanredni broj, 341- 345.
Bogatzevska, N.S. and Deneva, S. (1996): Survival of Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli and pv. vesicatoria in seed of weeds.IX International Conference on Plant Pathogenic Bacteria, Madras, 1996.
Buonaurio, R., V.M. Stravato and M. Scortichini (1994): Characterisation of Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria from Capsicum annuum L. in Italy. Plant Disease, Vol. 78 No. 3, 296-299.
Bouzar, H., Jones, J.B., Stall, R.E., Hodge, N.C., Minsavage, G.V., Benedict, A.A., & A.M. Alvarez, (1994): Physiological, chemical, serological, and Pathogenic Analyses of a Worldwide Collection of Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria strains. Phytopathology, Vol.84 No. 7: 663-671.
Klement, Z., Rudolph, K., and Sands, D.C. (1990): Methods in Phytobacteriology. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest 1990.
Lelliott, R.A. and Stead, D.E. (1987). Methods for the Diagnosis of Bacterial Disease of Plants. William Clowes Limited, Baccles and London.
O'Garro, L.W., Gibbs, H. and Newton, A. (1997): Mutation in the avrBs1 Avirulence Gene of Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria Influences Survival of the Bacterium in Soil and Detached Leaf Tissue. Phytopathology, Vol. 87: 960-966.
Minsavage G.V., D. Dahlbeck, M.C. Whalen, U. Bonas, B.J. Staskawicz and R.E. Stall, (1990): Gene-for-gene relationship specifying disease resistance in Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria - pepper interactions. Molecular Plant- Microbe Interactions, 3, 41-47.
Mitrev, S. and Pejcinovski, F. (1998): Xanthomonas vesicatoria causal agent of bacterial spot of pepper, cv. kurtovska kapija. Yearbook for Plant Protection, Vol. X, Skopje.
Sahin, F. and Miller, S.A. (1996): Characterization of Ohio Strains of Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria Causal Agent of Bacterial Spot of Pepper. Plant Disease, Vol. 80: 773-778.
Schaad, N.W. (1994): Laboratory Guide for Identification of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria. 2nd edition. APS PRESS. The American Phytopathological Society. St. Paul, Minnesota.
Young, J.M., Saddler, G.S., Takikawa, Y., Boer, S.H., Vauterin, L., Gardan, L., Gvozdyak, R.I. and Stead, D.E. (1996): Names of plant pathogenic bacteria. Review of Plant Pathology. Vol. 75, No 9. 721- 763.
