GENETIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECT ON THE GRAIN YIELD OF SPRING BARLEY VARIETIES CULTIVATED IN THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA
Abstract
The aim of this paper was to evaluate the genetic and environmental effect on the grain yield of spring barley varieties cultivated in the Republic of Macedonia. Five spring barley varieties (Makedo, Xanadu, Josefin Variety, Gladys and Scarlet Variety) were used as an experimental material. Makedo is Macedonian variety and the other barley cultivars are introduced. The field experiments were carried out during 2013 and 2014 on the field areas in Probistip, Republic of Macedonia. The experiment design was randomized complete block with three replications. The results were analyzed to synthesize the relative proportion of the influence factor (η %) such as variety or year, as well as the interaction between variety and year on the grain yield. Besides the year conditions, the impact of variety contributed significantly to the overall variability of yield (over 98 %), compared to the influence of year and the interaction between variety and year. Makedo variety showed the highest value for grain yield (6 844 kg/ha), followed by Hanadu (6 638 kg/ha). The average grain yield for all tested varieties for both years of examination was 6 544 kg/ha. Also, Makedo variety has the highest values for number of spikes per m2 and the number of grain per spike.
Key words: grain yield, barley, variety, yield components
